Defects in tube-sheet heat exchanger

The shell side of the tube-sheet heat exchanger is difficult to clean, and there is a temperature difference stress. When the average temperature difference between the two hot and cold fluids is large, or the expansion coefficient of the material between the shell and the heat transfer tube is large, and the thermal stress exceeds the allowable stress of the material, an expansion joint is required on the housing, due to the expansion joint strength. Limit, shell pressure can not be too high. 

This kind of heat exchanger is suitable for occasions where the temperature difference between the two media is not large, or the temperature difference is large but the shell pressure is not high, and the shell-side medium is clean and difficult to foul.